The Signs of The Quranic Letters 1 (a).

أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم
بسم الله الرحمان الرحيم
Assalamu alaikum w. w. Dear Quran Lovers. Welcome back.
 We have known and have recognized the 31 Quranic letters. Now let us look into the vowels. There are 7 vowels. They are represented  by signs to show their sounds. They are:
(1) فتحة = Fat-hah = َ  (a slightly slanting ـ above every letter) = "a" as in the word "ala". We shall call it as "above" sign.
(B.M). = Fathah = َ  ( ـ condong di atas setiap huruf) = "a" spt perkataan "apa". Kita panggil dia, baris "di atas"
(2) كسرة = Kasrah = ِ  (a s.s. ـ below every letter) = "i" as in "in". We`ll call it "below" sign.
(B.M). = Kasrah = ِ  ( ـ condong di bawah setiap huruf) = "i" spt "ini". Dipanggil baris "bawah".
(3) ضمة = DHommah = ’ above every letter = "u", as in "full". We`ll call it "front" sign (because when pronouncing it, the lips to the front).
(B.M). = DHommah = ’ di atas setiap huruf = "u", spt "ulu". Dipanggil baris depan. 
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Let us put them in use:
(1) Vowel "a", its sign is Fat-hah = َ  , it is called "above" sign:
(B.M). Vokal "a", barisnya di atas = َ  , dipanggil baris "di atas". 
(a) ا = Alif, it does not take any sign because it has its special functions (to be discussed later). But its twin, the Hamzah = ء,أ,إ,ؤ,ئ does, because it is an Alif but in different form.
ءَ,أ,ؤَ,ئَ = Hamzah with above sign is "a". It is never "Ha" but "a". (Note: the letters Alif, Waw & Ya are called the bearer of Hamzah and they are not pronounced).
(B.M). ا = Alif tidak diberi baris kerana ia mempunyai tugas2 khas (akan dibincangkan). Tetapi kembarnya, Hamzah, diberi barinya kerana ia adalah Alif berbentuk lain. ءَ,أَ,ؤَ,ئَ = Hamzah berbaris di atas "a" dan bukan "Ha". (huruf Alif & Waw & Ya dipanggil rumah tempat Hamzah duduk dan huruf2 itu tidak dibunyikan). (bersambung).
Until we meet again, Wassalamu alaikum w. w.